Validity refers to the degree to which a measure accurately taps the specific construct that it claims to be tapping. Criterion-related validity is concerned with the relationship between individuals’ performance on two measures tapping the same construct. It typically is estimated by correlating scores on a new measure with scores from an accepted criterion measure. There are two forms of criterion-related validity: predictive validity and concurrent validity.

Concurrent validity focuses on the extent to which scores on a new measure are related to scores from a criterion measure administered at the same time, whereas predictive validity uses the scores from the new measure to predict performance on a criterion measure administered at a later time.

Examples of contexts in which concurrent validity is relevant include the following:

• Scores ...