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“Probable Error of a Mean, The”
Initially appreciated by only a handful of brewers and statisticians, “The Probable Error of a Mean” is now, 100 years later, universally acclaimed as a classic by statisticians and behavioral scientists alike. Written by William Sealy Gosset under the pseudonym “Student,” its publication paved the way for the statistical era that continues today, one focused on how best to draw inferences about large populations from small samples of data.
Gosset and “Student”
Schooled in mathematics and chemistry, Gosset was hired by Arthur Guinness, Son, & Co., Ltd. to apply recent innovations in the field of statistics to the business of brewing beer. As a brewer, Gosset analyzed how agricultural and brewing parameters (e.g., the type of barley used) affected crop yields and, in his words, the “behavior ...
- Descriptive Statistics
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- Hypothesis Testing
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- One-Tailed Test
- Power
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- Significance Level, Concept of
- Significance Level, Interpretation and Construction
- Significance, Statistical
- Two-Tailed Test
- Type I Error
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- Type III Error
- Important Publications
- “Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests”
- “Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait–Multimethod Matrix”
- “Meta-Analysis of Psychotherapy Outcome Studies”
- “On the Theory of Scales of Measurement”
- “Probable Error of a Mean, The”
- “Psychometric Experiments”
- “Sequential Tests of Statistical Hypotheses”
- “Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes, A”
- “Validity”
- Aptitudes and Instructional Methods
- Doctrine of Chances, The
- Logic of Scientific Discovery, The
- Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
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- Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
- Teoria Statistica Delle Classi e Calcolo Delle Probabilità
- Inferential Statistics
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- Association, Measures of
- Coefficient of Concordance
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- Coefficients of Correlation, Alienation, and Determination
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- Randomization Tests
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- Student's t Test
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- Validity of Research Conclusions
- Volunteer Bias
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- Sampling
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- Demographics
- Error
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- Random Sampling
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- Sample Size Planning
- Sampling
- Sampling and Retention of Underrepresented Groups
- Sampling Error
- Stratified Sampling
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- Scaling
- Software Applications
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- Autocorrelation
- Biased Estimator
- Cohen's Kappa
- Collinearity
- Correlation
- Criterion Problem
- Critical Difference
- Data Mining
- Data Snooping
- Degrees of Freedom
- Directional Hypothesis
- Disturbance Terms
- Error Rates
- Expected Value
- Fixed-Effects Model
- Inclusion Criteria
- Influence Statistics
- Influential Data Points
- Intraclass Correlation
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- Loglinear Models
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- Method Variance
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- Robust
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- Barycentric Discriminant Analysis
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- Theories, Laws, and Principles
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- Theory
- Theory of Attitude Measurement
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- Types of Variables
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