Dialogue

Dialogue is the interaction between people with different perspectives and interests who are intent on learning from one another. Dialogue can be conceptualized in a number of ways—as a conversation, a debate, a discussion, a critique, a lesson, and so on. It also presumes a certain respect for others (especially among those who may be different from each other), mutuality, honesty, and the ability to engage in critical thinking. Engaging in dialogue creates the opportunity for new understandings—the focus is on exploring others' and ones' own perspective or viewpoint. There is less agreement about whether dialogue should result in consensus or mutual deep understanding, whether of similarities or differences.

Dialogues can occur between a few or many people, and although they are typically face-to-face interactions, modern technology allows for many other forums for dialogue, such as listservs or online collaborative journaling, as in “blogs” (Web logs).

Dialogue is a key element in a number of approaches to evaluation, including the democratic deliberative, empowerment, participatory, and critical approaches to evaluation. Dialogue in evaluation is intended to promote inclusion and understanding of stakeholders' interests. It is also understood to be an essential step in identifying issues and opportunities within a program, organization, or community that can ultimately lead to a better quality of life.

Successfully incorporating dialogue into evaluation is inextricably linked with stakeholder identification and involvement, which requires sensitivity and planning for the differential power and authority of stakeholder groups. An evaluator cannot assume that stakeholders will always be aware of their interests and able to represent them or that all stakeholders will participate genuinely and respectfully in the dialogue. Some will seek to use authority, intimidation, or charisma to thwart the intentions of the dialogue.