Methods in Psychological Research introduces students to the rich world of research in psychology through student-friendly writing, compelling real-world examples, and frequent opportunities for practice. Using a relaxed yet supportive tone that eases student anxiety, the authors present a mixture of conceptual and practical discussions, and spark reader interest in research by covering meaningful topics that resonate with today’s students. In-text features like Conceptual Exercises, FYI sections, and FAQ sections with accompanying visual cues support learning throughout the research experience. The Fourth Edition equips students with the tools they need to understand research concepts, conduct their own experiments, and present their findings.

Hypothesis Testing, Power, and Control : A Review of the Basics

Hypothesis Testing, Power, and Control : A Review of the Basics

Objectives

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After studying this chapter, students should be able to

  • Propose conceptual, research, and statistical hypotheses
  • List and describe the steps we follow to test a null hypothesis
  • Discuss the implications of inferential error and statistical significance
  • List, define, and provide the probabilities associated with the two types of inferential error
  • Identify ways of increasing the power of the test of the null
  • Discuss the importance of effect size and estimate the effect size for a given test of the null
  • Describe the role of replication in research as it relates to power
  • Define external and internal validity and discuss the influence of confounding and extraneous variables on inferential statements, including how to control such variables

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