Summary
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Subject index
This practical, conceptual introduction to statistical analysis by award-winning teacher Andrew N. Christopher uses published research with inherently interesting social sciences content to help students make clear connections between statistics and real life. Using a friendly, easy-to-understand presentation, Christopher walks students through the hand calculations of key statistical tools and provides step-by-step instructions on how to run the appropriate analyses for each type of statistic in SPSS and how to interpret the output. With the premise that a conceptual grasp of statistical techniques is critical for students to truly understand why they are doing what they are doing, the author avoids overly formulaic jargon and instead focuses on when and how to use statistical techniques appropriately.
Determining “High” and “Low” Scores : The Normal Curve, z Scores, and Probability
Determining “High” and “Low” Scores : The Normal Curve, z Scores, and Probability
After reading this chapter, you will be able to
- Distinguish among normal distributions, positively skewed distributions, and negatively skewed distributions
- Calculate a z score
- Interpret the information a z score conveys
- Use z scores to make decisions
- Use z scores to identify percentile ranks of raw scores
- Generate z scores using SPSS
In the previous chapter, we learned about three measures of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) and three measures of variability (range, variance, and standard deviation). In this chapter, we conclude our discussion of descriptive statistics by presenting distributions of data. We touched on the topic of data distributions in the previous chapter when we briefly discussed normal and skewed distributions. In this chapter, we explore ...
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