In addition to hundreds of new references features new to this edition include: a comprehensive introduction to qualitative methods including a review of existing computer applications for collecting and analyzing data; the latest information about the use of computers and online research techniques, including the use of the Internet to locate actual research instruments and journal articles; updated coverage on new scales, internal and external validity, and new analytic techniques with extensive references on each; abstracts, citations and subject groupings by measurement tool of the last five years of the American Sociological Review, Social Psychology Quarterly, and the American Journal of Sociology; extensive coverage of how to prepare manuscripts for publication, including a list of all journals covered by Sociological Abstracts along with the editorial office address and URL for each entry; new coverage of ethical issues; expansion of social indicators to include international coverage; discussion of the importance of policy research with presentation and discussion of specific models as an adjunct to both applied and basic research techniques; and the addition of an index to facilitate the reader's ability to quickly locate a topic.

Estimating Research Costs

How much does it cost to conduct a research project? One writer says that such a question can be answered no better or more precisely than a question about how much it costs to go on a vacation. There are simply too many variables.

One major cost is the overhead charges of the sponsoring agency or the indirect costs charged by universities to grants (especially federal grants), which commonly are in the 50%-60% range of the total grant. Other major variables influencing costs include the size of population or sample involved, the mode of collecting data, the amount of ...

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