Written for students and researchers who wish to understand the conceptual and practical aspects of sampling, this book is designed to be accessible without requiring advanced statistical training. It covers a wide range of topics, from the basics of sampling to special topics such as sampling rare populations, sampling organizational populations, and sampling visitors to a place. Using cases and examples to illustrate sampling principles and procedures, the book thoroughly covers the fundamentals of modern survey sampling, and addresses recent changes in the survey environment such as declining response rates, the rise of Internet surveys, the need to accommodate cell phones in telephone surveys, and emerging uses of social media and big data.

Defining and Framing the Population

Chapter 1 introduced the steps of the sampling process: (a) defining the population, (b) obtaining a frame (or list) of the population from which the sample may be drawn, (c) drawing the sample, and (d) executing the research. The extent to which a sample is exposed to coverage bias, selection bias, and nonresponse bias depends on how well these steps are performed.

This chapter addresses the first two steps in the sampling process, defining and framing the population. In this chapter, you will learn the following:

  • How to define the population of interest in operational terms
  • Possible sources of frames (or lists) of the population
  • The various problems that a frame (or list) may have
  • How to solve those problems

2.1 Defining the Population

The first ...

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