Problem-solving ability has been called “liquid intelligence” or “street smarts.” It is the process of apprehending information, making a cognitive model of how that information is connected to a possible solution, and using that model to get a desired result. Typically, a problem-solving cycle involves defining and analyzing an issue, developing and implementing a strategy for overcoming the issue, monitoring progress, evaluating results, and repeating the cycle if necessary until a desired solution is achieved. Approaches to problem solving can vary depending on the type of problem being solved and how it is being applied as a cognitive task in the real world. For example, problem solving in reading and writing requires a different approach than it does in math, and problem solving looks different ...