Question Order Effects
The order in which questions are asked in a questionnaire can have a significant effect on the results. The preceding questions provide the context in which the respondent answers an item, and changing this context can make a large difference in the survey results.
There are a number of ways in which items that appear earlier in a questionnaire can affect responses to later questions. One is by establishing a norm of reciprocity or fairness, a frequently cited example of which is provided by the work of Herbert Hyman and Paul Sheatsley from more than 50 years ago. These researchers varied the order of two questions: one on whether the United States should allow communist reporters from other countries to come to the United States ...
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Reader's Guide
Ethical Issues In Survey Research
Measurement - Interviewer
Measurement - Mode
Measurement - Questionnaire
Measurement - Respondent
Measurement - Miscellaneous
Nonresponse - Item-Level
Nonresponse - Outcome Codes And Rates
Nonresponse - Unit-Level
Operations - General
Operations - In-Person Surveys
Operations - Interviewer-Administered Surveys
Operations - Mall Surveys
Operations - Telephone Surveys
Political And Election Polling
Public Opinion
Sampling, Coverage, And Weighting
Survey Industry
Survey Statistics
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