Probability

In general, probability is a numerical representation of how likely is the occurrence of certain observations.

Whenever an empirical investigation involves uncertainty, due to sampling, insufficient understanding of the actual procedure or of the laws governing the observed phenomena, or for any other reason, the concept of probability may be applied.

The concept of probability developed from the investigation of the properties of various games, like rolling dice, but in addition to the very practical desire of understanding how to win, it also incorporates deep philosophical thought. Currently, most scholars consider probabilities as objectively existing values that can be best revealed by observing long sequences of potential occurrences of events and using the relative frequencies of the events to approximate their probabilities. Another, also objective, view ...