SAGE Research Methods - The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research

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Ladder of Participation

In: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research
Edited by: David Coghlan & Mary Brydon-Miller

Community participation came into the lexicon of urban planning in the 1960s, when local governments, in collaboration with the federal government and private developers, decimated entire neighbourhoods for the construction of freeways, hospitals and office buildings. As neighbourhoods threatened with such destruction began fighting back, academics also began criticizing the urban development models and ...

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  Coghlan, D., & Brydon-Miller, M. (2014). Ladder of participation. In The SAGE encyclopedia of action research (pp. 489-490). SAGE Publications Ltd, https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446294406.n211
  
  Coghlan, David, and Mary Brydon-Miller. "Ladder of Participation." In The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research, edited by Coghlan, David, and Mary Brydon-Miller, 489-90. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446294406.n211.
  
  Coghlan, D. and Brydon-Miller, M. 2014. Ladder of Participation. In: David Coghlan and Mary Brydon-Miller Editors, 2014. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research, London: SAGE Publications Ltd. pp. 489-490 Available at: <https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446294406.n211> [Accessed 30 Jun 2022].
  
  Coghlan, David and Mary Brydon-Miller. "Ladder of Participation." The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research. Edited by London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 489-90. SAGE Research Methods. 30 Jun 2022, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446294406.n211.
  
  Coghlan, David, and Mary Brydon-Miller (2014). Ladder of participation In:Ladder of participation The SAGE encyclopedia of action research London: SAGE Publications Ltd; 2014:489-490. doi:10.4135/9781446294406.n211
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