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True Positive
True positive, as it pertains to null hypothesis significance testing (also known as hypothesis testing), is correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false. In other words, it is correctly finding a correlation or a difference between groups. Research design is founded on the principles of hypothesis testing and in short, the pursuit of discovering true positives is a goal. In this entry, the definition of the true positive is developed in the context of null hypothesis significance testing, how it relates to power analysis is described, and an example is provided.
Table 1 Statistical Decision Table: The Four Potential Results with Any Null Hypothesis Significance Test
Definition
Null hypothesis significance testing examines the probability of two outcomes (the null and alternative hypothesis). Because ...
- Descriptive Statistics
- Distributions
- Graphical Displays of Data
- Hypothesis Testing
- p Value
- Alternative Hypotheses
- Beta
- Critical Value
- Decision Rule
- Hypothesis
- Nondirectional Hypotheses
- Nonsignificance
- Null Hypothesis
- One-Tailed Test
- Power
- Power Analysis
- Significance Level, Concept of
- Significance Level, Interpretation and Construction
- Significance, Statistical
- Two-Tailed Test
- Type I Error
- Type II Error
- Type III Error
- Important Publications
- “Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests”
- “Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait–Multimethod Matrix”
- “Meta-Analysis of Psychotherapy Outcome Studies”
- “On the Theory of Scales of Measurement”
- “Probable Error of a Mean, The”
- “Psychometric Experiments”
- “Sequential Tests of Statistical Hypotheses”
- “Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes, A”
- “Validity”
- Aptitudes and Instructional Methods
- Doctrine of Chances, The
- Logic of Scientific Discovery, The
- Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
- Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests
- Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
- Teoria Statistica Delle Classi e Calcolo Delle Probabilità
- Inferential Statistics
- Q-Statistic
- R2
- Association, Measures of
- Coefficient of Concordance
- Coefficient of Variation
- Coefficients of Correlation, Alienation, and Determination
- Confidence Intervals
- Margin of Error
- Nonparametric Statistics
- Odds Ratio
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- Parametric Statistics
- Partial Correlation
- Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient
- Polychoric Correlation Coefficient
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- Research
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- Theories, Laws, and Principles
- Bayes's Theorem
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- Classical Test Theory
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- Critical Theory
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- Paradigm
- Positivism
- Probability, Laws of
- Theory
- Theory of Attitude Measurement
- Weber–Fechner Law
- Types of Variables
- Validity of Scores
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