File Drawer Problem
The file drawer problem is the threat that the empirical literature is biased because nonsignificant research results are not disseminated. The consequence of this problem is that the results available provide a biased portrayal of what is actually found, so literature reviews (including meta-analyses) will conclude stronger effects than actually exist. The term arose from the image that these nonsignificant results are placed in researchers’ file drawers, never to be seen by others. This file drawer problem also has several similar names, including publication or dissemination bias. Although all literature reviews are vulnerable to this problem, meta-analysis provides methods of detecting and correcting for this bias. This entry first discusses the sources of publication bias and then the detection and correction of such bias.
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Reader's Guide
Descriptive Statistics
Distributions
Graphical Displays of Data
Hypothesis Testing
Important Publications
Inferential Statistics
Item Response Theory
Mathematical Concepts
Measurement Concepts
Organizations
Publishing
Qualitative Research
Reliability of Scores
Research Design Concepts
Research Designs
Research Ethics
Research Process
Research Validity Issues
Sampling
Scaling
Software Applications
Statistical Assumptions
Statistical Concepts
Statistical Procedures
Statistical Tests
Theories, Laws, and Principles
Types of Variables
Validity of Scores
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