Roy Bhaskar (1944–2014) was a social philosopher best known for his work on the philosophy of critical realism and meta-Reality. His last academic appointment was as a World Scholar at the University College London, Institute of Education. Whilst there, he set up the International Centre for Critical Realism. Bhaskar’s philosophical project during his lifetime was the reinstatement of ontology (the study of being) in philosophical discourse and the development of a new nonempiricist and nonpositivist ontology, characterised by stratification, differentiation, and emergence. This entry briefly highlights some of Bhaskar’s influential works and then explores his work regarding ontology and how it relates to real actions.