Solomon Four-Group Design
The Solomon four-group design, developed by Richard Solomon in 1949, was devised to overcome the problem of pretest sensitization. Pretest sensitization occurs when participants’ scores on a posttest are influenced as a result of a pretest being administered. The central feature of the Solomon four-group design is that participants are randomly assigned to either receive or not to receive a pretest and then randomly assigned to either a treatment or a comparison group. All participants then receive a posttest. This approach enables researchers to acquire the benefits of using a pretest, while also allowing an assessment of pretest sensitization.
Researchers implement pretests with the goal of obtaining information regarding baseline levels of specific variables of interest (e.g., self-esteem, knowledge) prior to the ...
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