A mail survey is one in which the postal service, or another mail delivery service, is used to mail the survey materials to sampled survey addresses. What is mailed usually consists of a cover letter, the survey questionnaire, and other materials, such as a postage-paid return envelope, an informational brochure to help legitimize the survey organization, detailed instructions about how to participate in the survey, and/or a noncontingent cash incentive.

In some mail surveys, it is the household or the business at the address that is sampled, but in other mail surveys it is a specific person at the address who is sampled. In the case of a specific person being sampled, sometimes there is a specifically named person (e.g. Martha Johnson) who is sampled and ...

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