Multilevel Modeling
Multilevel modeling (MLM) is a regression-based approach for handling nested and clustered data. Nested data (sometimes referred to as person–period data) occurs when research designs include multiple measurements for each individual, and this approach allows researchers to examine how participants differ, as well as how individuals vary across measurement periods. A good example of nested data is repeated measurements taken from people over time; in this situation, the repeated measurements are nested under each person. Clustered data involves a hierarchical structure such that individuals in the same group are hypothesized to be more similar to each other than to other groups. A good example of clustered data is the study of classrooms within different schools; in this situation, classrooms are embedded within the schools. Standard ...
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Reader's Guide
Descriptive Statistics
Distributions
Graphical Displays of Data
Hypothesis Testing
Important Publications
Inferential Statistics
Item Response Theory
Mathematical Concepts
Measurement Concepts
Organizations
Publishing
Qualitative Research
Reliability of Scores
Research Design Concepts
Research Designs
Research Ethics
Research Process
Research Validity Issues
Sampling
Scaling
Software Applications
Statistical Assumptions
Statistical Concepts
Statistical Procedures
Statistical Tests
Theories, Laws, and Principles
Types of Variables
Validity of Scores
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