External Validity
When an investigator wants to generalize results from a research study to a wide group of people (or a population), he or she is concerned with external validity. A set of results or conclusions from a research study that possesses external validity can be generalized to a broader group of individuals than those originally included in the study. External validity is relevant to the topic of research methods because scientific and scholarly investigations are normally conducted with an interest in generalizing findings to a larger population of individuals so that the findings can be of benefit to many and not just a few. In the next three sections, the kinds of generalizations associated with external validity are introduced, the threats to external validity are ...
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Reader's Guide
Descriptive Statistics
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Graphical Displays of Data
Hypothesis Testing
Important Publications
Inferential Statistics
Item Response Theory
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Sampling
Scaling
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Statistical Assumptions
Statistical Concepts
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Statistical Tests
Theories, Laws, and Principles
Types of Variables
Validity of Scores
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